What is one direct effect of addressing "muda" in a workplace?

Addressing "muda," which refers to waste or inefficiencies in a workplace, leads to improved employee morale and engagement as a direct effect. When organizations actively work to eliminate wasteful practices, they often streamline processes, reduce unnecessary burdens, and make the work environment more efficient. This creates a more manageable workload for employees, allowing them to focus on value-added tasks rather than navigating through inefficiencies. Additionally, when employees see tangible improvements in their work environment and processes, they are more likely to feel valued and engaged in their roles, contributing positively to their overall morale.

In contrast, the other options reflect negative or unrelated outcomes. Increased production costs would contradict the purpose of addressing "muda," which aims to enhance efficiency and reduce waste. More complicated workflows can arise from failing to effectively address waste, but tackling "muda" typically simplifies processes instead. Lastly, higher turnover rates can be a result of poor morale or engagement, but effectively managing and reducing waste generally helps to cultivate a healthier work environment, thus retaining employees better.