What does the term "muri" refer to in a work system?

The term "muri" specifically refers to waste that arises from overburdening individuals or systems within a work environment. This concept is rooted in Lean methodology, where the goal is to optimize processes by minimizing waste. Overburdening can manifest as excessive workloads, unrealistic expectations, or inefficient processes that can lead to stress and burnout among employees. When individuals or systems are pushed beyond their limits, it diminishes overall productivity and can negatively impact the quality of work, as well as employee well-being. Understanding "muri" is crucial for organizations aiming to create a more sustainable work environment, enabling them to identify and rectify overburdening before it adversely affects operations.

The other choices address different types of waste or aspects within a work system. While all are relevant in their contexts, only "muri" directly denotes the impacts of overburdening.